The major disease of sorghum is sorghum anthracnose, caused by a fungus. This disease affects both the leaves and stalks of the sorghum plant.
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On the leaves, anthracnose appears as small red colored spots on both surfaces. These spots have a white center surrounded by a red, purple, or brown margin. This symptom is commonly referred to as leaf spot.
In addition to leaf spot, sorghum anthracnose also causes stalk rot, which is known as redrot. Stalk rot is characterized by the decay and discoloration of the sorghum stalks.
Sorghum anthracnose can have significant impacts on the yield and quality of sorghum crops. It spreads via airborne spores, and infection can occur at any stage of plant growth.
Management of sorghum anthracnose involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical control measures. To reduce the risk of infection, farmers can implement practices such as crop rotation, planting disease-resistant varieties, and maintaining proper hygiene in the field. Fungicides can be used to control the disease, but timing and application methods are crucial for effective control.
In conclusion, sorghum anthracnose is a major disease of sorghum that affects both the leaves and stalks of the plant. It appears as red spots on the leaves, with a white center and colored margin. This disease can significantly impact sorghum crops, but proper management techniques can help mitigate its effects.